中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
直击广西梧州春运返乡路:“摩托大军”渐渐淡出春运史****** 中新网南宁1月19日电 题:直击广西梧州春运返乡路:“摩托大军”渐渐淡出春运史 作者 蒋雪林 林洁琪 “原以为今年中国优化疫情防控政策后,返乡摩托车会多一些,现在看来,‘摩托车大军’将淡出春运史。”广西梧州市公安局交警支队高速公路管理三大队教导员邹丹在接受中新网记者采访时说。 邹丹已连续10多年参与“摩托大军”春运服务保障。她和李子郁、李金兰三人,十多年来,每年都会到广西梧州市东出口春运服务站,服务过往的返乡“摩托大军”。 2008年,时任梧州市交警支队副支队长的李子郁,负责协调组织在321国道省际卡口设立春运服务站。 把驾驶摩托车返乡当成乐趣的年轻骑手停靠梧州东春运服务站拍照留念。李子郁表示,在粤务工人员驾驶摩托车返乡开始于2000年左右,当时几千元人民币一辆的摩托车进入普通中国家庭,由于火车票不好买,农民工只好驾驶摩托车返乡。2008年“摩托大军”开始形成规模,当年过境梧州返乡过年的摩托车达7万辆。 “在321国道上因此形成了一种与摩托车返乡相关的特殊文化现象,有交警提供换证服务,有企业设点招聘员工,有文化部门在现场写春联送给骑手,更有在服务站发生的一幕幕感人的故事。”李子郁说。 邹丹在服务返乡摩托车手。“我在服务摩托大军的过程中,就遭遇到一件令我非常感动的事。”邹丹说。2014年1月21日,家住广西藤县大黎镇怀有身孕的覃月玲和丈夫乘坐摩托车返乡,途经梧州市东出口春运服务站时,被一辆面包车剐蹭倒地。因邹丹等人的及时救助而保住了胎儿的覃月玲,五年后,乘坐丈夫驾驶的汽车专程来到梧州东出口春运服务站看望邹丹。 与邹丹一样,中国石化广西石油梧州分公司员工李金兰也收获了很多感动。她在这里为返乡摩托车服务已有20年,服务过的“摩托大军”超5万人次。 邹丹和李金兰都曾把自己的孩子带到梧州东出口春运服务站做志愿者。“以前有很多小孩一起随‘摩托大军’返乡,这几年都见不到了。”李金兰说。 李金兰在接受中新网记者采访。家住广西桂平市社坡镇光明村的张树勇,就曾用摩托车搭乘孩子返乡。“今年两个孩子都乘坐亲戚的小汽车回家了。”张树勇说。他和妻子薛焕芳已连续8年共骑一辆摩托车从中山市小榄镇返乡。今年1月16日,他将摩托车停靠在梧州东出口春运服务站休息。 和张树勇一样,家住广西贵港市平南县官成镇苏茆村的李汝发,也是摩托大军的一员。“以前一临近春节,很多老乡就相约一起从广东中山市小榄镇开摩托车回家,现在他们都买小汽车了。”李汝发告诉记者,他的两个小孩快大学毕业了。“再奋斗两三年,我也买辆汽车。”李汝发说。 李子郁表示,目前还选择驾驶摩托车返乡的骑手中,类似张树勇的骑手越来越少,他们多是把驾驶摩托车返乡当成一种乐趣的年轻骑手。来自贵港的李建航就是这样的年轻人,他驾驶的是大排量的摩托车,目的是享受“风与自由”。 李建航在广东佛山市务工10年,他的父亲也曾是“摩托大军”中的一员,凭着多年在东莞市的打拼,终于在2021年买了汽车。李建航说:“我家虽然有汽车,但我不想开,骑摩托车自由,还能一路游玩。” 邹丹表示,开行对数不断增加的动车分流了“摩托大军”。南广及贵广高速铁路相继在2014年底开通。2015年春运广西和广东之间日均开行动车只有41对,2023年已超过200对。在铁路逐渐增加的运能中,“摩托大军”也逐年减少。春节期间过境梧州返乡过节的“摩托大军”最高峰时达25万辆,今年过境梧州返乡过春节的摩托车预计只有1万辆。 12年前,记者即在梧州东出口春运服务站目睹“摩托大军”返乡“盛况”。如今,服务“摩托大军”的李金兰和李子郁也已退休。“摩托大军”也将淡出大众视线。邹丹说:“梧州市交警部门这两年已不再将‘摩托大军’作为春运返乡的重点服务对象,交警的工作重点逐步往高铁站、高速公路收费站的周边路口转移。”(完)
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